This study was developed to evaluate the effects of inoculating beneficial microorganisms in the second-crop corn culture, with an emphasis on the correlations between morphological and productive traits. The experiment was carried out in the municipality of Mineiros, Goiás state, Brazil. The experimental design included seed and foliar treatments, involving Trichoderma asperellum, Bacillus subtilis, and a standard chemical treatment. Statistical analyses were performed using R software. It was demonstrated that inoculation promoted significant changes in root development, resulting in greater accumulation of aboveground biomass and gains in productive potential. Overall, the microorganisms evaluated, particularly T. asperellum and B. subtilis, showed potential for optimizing early growth, physiological efficiency, and productivity in second-crop corn, in addition to contributing to reducing dependence on mineral fertilizers. Therefore, the use of the TS3 treatment is technically recommended as a viable alternative for maximizing corn productivity, maintaining a balance between yield components and plant structural characteristics. However, it is emphasized that further research should be conducted in different harvests, soil and climate conditions, and management systems to validate and refine these recommendations, ensuring greater robustness and applicability of the results obtained
