This article intends to understand how scientific facts go into the environmental historian conceptual
scope, considering possible abuses, by two interpretations: the first, we called structural diagnostic and the second, created by us, epistemological diagnostic. The main focus is the anachronism issue that it was investigated in works written by three renowned authors in environmental history. We assume
and work on a lack in the methodological and theoretical outline of environmental history and we
propose a larger approach to the history of science.