HUMAN PAPILLOMAVIRUS INFECTION IN WOMEN FROM TLAXCALA, MEXICO

Ano: 2010 | Volume: 41 | Número: 3

Autores: Noé Velázquez-Márquez, Lucio Jaime Jiménez-Aranda, Patricia Sánchez-Alonso, Gerardo Santos-López, Julio Reyes- Leyva, Verónica Vallejo-Ruiz

Palavras-chave: Epidemiology, Human papillomavirus, Mexico, PCR, Squamous intraepithelial lesions

Resumo Inglês:

Cervical cancer is an important health problem in women living in developing countries. Infection with
some genotypes of human papillomavirus (HPV) is the most important risk factor associated with cervical
cancer. Little information exists about HPV genotype distribution in rural and suburban regions of Mexico.
Thus, we determined the prevalence of HPV genotypes in women from Tlaxcala, one of the poorest states
in central Mexico, and we evaluated age infection prevalence and risk factors associated with cervical
neoplasm. A cross-sectional study was conducted in 236 women seeking gynecological care at the
Mexican Institute for Social Security in Tlaxcala, Mexico. Cervical scrapings were diagnosed as normal,
low-grade, and high-grade squamous intraepithelial lesions (LGSIL, HGSIL). Parallel samples were used
to detect HPV genotypes by PCR assays using type-specific primers for HPV 6, 11, 16, 18, and 31. An
epidemiological questionnaire was applied. Prevalence of HPV infection was 31.3%. From the infected
samples, prevalence of HPV 16 was 45.9%; HPV 18, 31.1%; HPV 31, 16.2%; HPV 6, 10.8%; HPV 11,
6.7%. With regard to age, the highest HPV prevalence (43.5%) was found in the 18- to 24-year-old group
and the lowest (19%) in the 45- to 54-year-old group. None of the risk factors showed association with
cervical neoplasia grade. HPV 16 was the most common in cervical lesions. HPV was present in 22% of
normal samples and, of these, 82.6% represented high-risk HPVs. Tlaxcala showed HPV prevalence
comparable to that of the largest cities in Mexico, with higher prevalence for HPV 31.